Additional Source #17 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“Abortion does end a human life, so it should not be done without grave consideration for what is at stake, as we do with capital punishment and war.”17 17Shermer, M., Abortion Is a Problem to Be Solved, Not a Moral Issue, Scientific American, Sep. 1, 2018, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/abortion-is-a-problem-to-be-solved-not-a-moral-issue.

Read More

Additional Source #15 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“[Pre-Roe] laws reflected an ethical consensus, not based solely on religious tradition, but also on scientific evidence that human life begins at conception”15 15Meehan, M., Abortion and the “Consistency Thing”, The Human Life Review, Winter 1981, p. 60.

Read More

Additional Source #2 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“[T]he life of a new human being commences at a scientifically well-defined event; the fusion of the plasma membranes of sperm and egg… it is a matter of objective, scientific observation”2 2Condic, M.L., When Does Human Life Begin? The Scientific Evidence and Terminology Revisited, 8 U. St. Thomas J.L. & Pub. Pol’y, 2013, p. 44-81,…

Read More

Pro-Choice Source #13 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“Aside from the fact that abortion is the taking of a life”13 13Calderone, M.S., Illegal Abortion as a Public Health Problem, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 50, No. 7, 1960, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1373382/pdf/amjphnation00308- 0022.pdf.

Read More

Pro-Choice Source #25 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“The pro-choice movement has not owned or owned up to the reality of the fetus, or the reality of fetal parts.”25 25Harris, L., Second Trimester Abortion Provision: Breaking the Silence and Changing the Discourse, Reproductive Health Matters, Sep. 2, 2008, p. 77.

Read More

Pro-Choice Source #6 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“We have reached a point in this particular technology [D&E abortion] where there is no possibility of denying an act of destruction. It is before one’s eyes. The sensations of dismemberment flow through the forceps like an electric current.”6 6Hern, W. & Corrigan, B., What about us? Staff reactions to D & E, Advances in…

Read More

Scientific Source #28 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“Oocyte maturation is an essential cellular differentiation pathway that prepares the egg for activation at fertilization leading to the initiation of embryogenesis”28 28Machaca, K., Ca2+ signaling differentiation during oocyte maturation, J Cell Physiol, 2007, 213(2):331-40, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17620315.

Read More

Scientific Source #11 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“A crucial step of fertilization is the sperm-egg interaction that allows the two gametes to fuse and create the zygote”11 11Evans, J.P., Sperm-egg interaction, Annu Rev Physiol. 2012, 74:477-502, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22054237.

Read More

Scientific Source #12 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“At the end of oogenesis and spermatogenesis, both haploid gametes contain a single set of chromosomes ready to form the zygote, the first cell of the newly developing individual”12 12Gat, I. & Orvieto, R., “This is where it all started” – the pivotal role of PLCζ within the sophisticated process of mammalian reproduction: a systemic…

Read More

Scientific Source #13 – Peer-Reviewed Article

“We have discovered that a single sperm protein, phospholipase C-zeta (PLCζ), can stimulate intracellular Ca(2+) signalling in the unfertilized oocyte (‘egg’) culminating in the initiation of embryonic development. Upon fertilization by a spermatozoon, the earliest observed signalling event in the dormant egg is a large, transient increase in free Ca(2+) concentration. The fertilized egg responds…

Read More